In vitro studies for salt tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annum L.)

摘要

Sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) is one of the four major annual crops grown for edible oil in the world. Since its oil contains unsaturated fatty acid with no cholesterol its demand has been increasing. So, development of salt tolerant varieties/hybrids will be much useful to increase the area of cultivation. With this idea, 60 hybrids alongwith their 19 parents were evaluated for their salt tolerance level in in vitro condition through tissue culture technique By studying the callus fresh weight itwas concluded that the parents 852A, 234A, 6D-1, CO 4 and Morden and the hybrids 821A x RHA298 and 852A x Morden which produced more than 40 mg of fresh callus at 0.8% NaCl concentration as salt tolerant genotypes. The genotypes viz., RHA299, 351A x RHA857. 3MA x RHA586, 351 Ax 6D-1, 821Ax RHA297, 821Ax RHA856and 852 Ax 6D-1 which recorded more than 30 mg of callus fresh weight were considered to be moderately salt tolerant. From callus morphological score it was decided that the parents CO 4 and Mordenand the hybrids 821A x RHA298 and 852A x Morden which scored more than six as salt tolerant and the parents 852A x 234A, RHA299and 6D-1, and the hybrids 351A x RHA857, 821A x RHA856 and 852A x RHA586 which scored more than five as moderately tolerant. In combination of these two observations, the parents CO 4 and Morden and the hybrids 821A x RHA298 and 852A x Morden were considered as salt tolerant and the parents 852A, 234A, RHA299 and 6D-1, and the hybrids 351A x RHA857 and 821A x RHA856 as moderately tolerant.