Organic mixed cropping systems with oilseeds: 1. Yields of mixed cropping systems of legumes or spring wheat with false flax (Camelina sativa L. Crantz).

摘要

Organic mixed cropping systems of peas (Pisum sativum L.), lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) or spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) together with false flax were tested in field trials over three years at two sites. Mixed cropping with peas and false flax yielded between 0.07 and 3.58 t ha-1 (dry matter) pea-seeds and from 0.32 to 1.75 t ha-1 false flax. Mixed cropping of blue lupins with false flax led to seed yields from 0.09 to 2.31 t ha-1 lupins and 0.42 to 2.35 t ha-1 false flax. In mixed cropping systems, false flax could compensate for yield gaps of the legumes. Only in years with low yield level of the legumes, the total seed yield of the mixed cropping systems with false flax exceeded sole cropped legume yields. Mixed cropping of legumes with false flax increased the site productivity, measured as relative yield total (RYT). In mixed cropping of spring wheat with false flax, seed yields of false flax between 0.004 and 0.96 t ha-1 and wheat yields between 1.32 and 4.791 ha-1 occurred. Yields of spring wheat in mixed cropping were normally lower than the corresponding yields of the sole cropping system. Overall yields of mixed cropping with false flax were lower or at the same level. Site productivities, measured as RYT, were not consistently elevated by the mixed cropping system. Yield shares of all mixed cultures with false flax could be determined by seed densities and row distances. Advantages in agricultural production (weed competition, lodging resistance), good eco-balances and low production costs are good arguments for introducing site adopted mixed cropping systems with false flax. They would be more widespread if additional applications of false flax were explored besides the existing small market in human nutrition, e.g., as source of bio-energy or in animal feeding..