4-Hexylresorcinol-in duced angiogenesis potential in human endothelial cells

摘要

Background: 4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) is able to increase angiogenesis. However, its molecular mechanism in the human endothelial cells has not been clarified.Methods: As endothelial cells are important in angiogenesis, we treated the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with 4HR and investigated protein expressional changes by immunoprecipitation high-performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC) using 96 antisera.Results: Here, we found that 4HR upregulated transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)/SMAD/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, RAF-B/ERK and p38 signaling, and M2 macrophage polarization pathways. 4HR also increased expression of caspases and subsequent cellular apoptosis. Mechanistically, 4HR increased TGF-beta 1 production and subsequent activation of SMADs/VEGFs, RAF-B/ERK and p38 signaling, and M2 macrophage polarization.Conclusion: Collectively, 4HR activates TGF-beta/SMAD/VEGF signaling in endothelial cells and induced vascular regeneration and remodeling for wound healing.