A habitat network for terrestrial wildlife in the Interior Columbia Basin

摘要

Habitat managers need information about landscape conditions in relation to the composite requirements of species that deserve attention in conservation planning. Consequently, we characterized and mapped a broad-scale network of habitats for five suites of terrestrial vertebrates in the 58 million-ha Interior Columbia Basin (Basin). These five suites, referred to as Families, are composed of 44 species whose habitats have declined strongly from historical (circa 1850-1890) to current periods in the Basin, and thus are of conservation focus. Two of the five Families consist of species that depend on old forests, Species in another Family depend on early-seral forests, Species in the remaining Families depend on sagebrush-steppe or open canopy sagebrush and grasslands. For each Family, we characterized current habitat conditions at the scale of the watershed (mean size of 22,500 ha), Each watershed was classified as one of three conditions. Watersheds in Condition I contained habitats whose quality or abundance have changed little since the historical period. By contrast, watersheds in Condition 2 or 3 contained habitats that have changed from historical conditions, but in different ways. Watersheds in Condition 2 had habitats of high abundance but moderate resiliency and quality, whereas watersheds in Condition 3 contained habitats of low abundance or low resiliency and quality. The majority of watersheds (59%-80%) were in Condition 3 for all five Families, whereas the lowest percentage (5%-25%) of watersheds was in Condition 2 for four of five Families. Connectivity among watersheds for all Families appeared low in many parts of the Basin due to spatial gaps associated with areas of habitat extirpation. Our condition maps constitute a broad-scale network of habitats that could be useful for developing multi-species research hypotheses and management strategies for the Basin.