Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Post-Renal Transplant Patients, a Retrospective Study of Five Hundred Cases Over Twenty-Two Years

摘要

BackgroundRenal transplant recipients (RTRs) remain at an increased risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular (CV) events compared to the general population. Death is most commonly due to cardiovascular diseases.PurposeThe primary outcome of this work is the determination of adverse CV events and their risk factors in the RTR population and their effect on mortality.MethodsA retrospective analysis has been performed on data from 500 patients at the Cairo Kidney Center, Cairo, Egypt, who underwent kidney transplantation with a graft from a living donor. Data was collected for RTR starting from 1992 till 2014.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 41.90 PLUSMN; 9.67 years. 63.8 of them were males. CV complications (stable angina pectoris, acute coronary syndrome, new left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), positive myocardial perfusion scan, elevated cardiac enzymes, and invasive coronary angiography) occurred in (22.6, 2.4, 49.8, 13.6, 1.8, and 7.6) of patients, respectively. Other CV complications occurred in (24.0, 11.2, and 40.8), including Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmias.The main causes of mortality were CV diseases, infections, cancer, surgical complications, and liver disease (19.0, 13.4, 1.6, 1.4, and 1.2), respectively.ConclusionRTR are at an extremely high risk of adverse CV events. CV complications (CHF, ischemic heart diseases, LVH, and arrhythmias) are the leading causes of death in RTR.