Structural Functional Characteristic of Neuronal Serotonin Receptors and Molecular Mechanisms of Their Couplingwith G-proteins

摘要

We summarized the data on the structural functional organization of different types of serotonin receptors, their localization in the nervous system, and role in the regulation of physiological functions in the development of psychic diseases. We analyzed the molecular mechanisms of functional interaction of serotonin receptors with heterotrimeric G-proteins and signal cascades initiated by this interaction. A comparative analysis of primary structures in the third cytoplasmic loops of serotonin receptors revealed the regions responsible for their coupling with G-proteins and activation of effector systems of cell. We systematized the data on the structure and functions of serotonin receptors found in the nervous tissue of invertebrates. The conclusion was made that serotonin receptors appeared at early stages of the evolution of hormone-sensitive signal systems of eukaryotes.