Bladder cancer: Chemohyperthermia for bladder cancer-clinically effective?

摘要

Superficial bladder cancer remains one of the more-costly cancers to treat and monitor owing to the ongoing assessments for cyto-logical changes, surveillance cystoscopy (with or without biopsies) and periodic imaging needed. In addition, the continued threat of progression to muscle-invasive disease with subsequent need for cystectomy bears large economic as well as psychological costs to the patient and the treating urologist. Currently, best practices include a perioperative dose of intravesical chemotherapy and typically a course of bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy.