Effective use of mixed methods in African livelihoods research

摘要

Geographic research on livelihoods often requires the use of mixed methods. While many research projects state their intent to use 'mixed methods,' in reality they use 'multiple' methods based solidly on either quantitative methods or qualitative methods, adding some of the other to be called 'mixed methods.' This paper presents a case study of mixed-methods research on livelihoods and urban agriculture in Nairobi, Kenya as an example of how to apply key principles of research design and analysis. Our study used qualitative interviews, household surveys, focus groups, biophysical sampling, and feedback workshops, integrating not only qualitatively and quantitatively derived data, but also social and biophysical data. We argue that effective mixed-methods research requires adaptability in terms of integrating qualitative and quantitative data sources as well as use of the time in the field.