Initial effects of wood ash fertilization on soil, needle and litterfall chemistry in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand.

摘要

Initial effects of wood ash and/or N fertilization were investigated in a field experiment located in a 38-year-old Scots pine stand on a Haplic Arenosol in Kacergine, Lithuania. There were in total six treatments, three levels of wood ash addition (1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 t ha-1), one level of N addition (180 kg N ha-1), one combined treatment (2.5 t ha-1 of wood ash and 180 kg N ha-1) and one untreated control. The treatments were repeated in four blocks. The pHCaCl2 of the O horizon increased from 3.45 (control) to 6.15 for the highest ash dose and exchangeable Ca2+ and M2+ increased significantly (p<0.001). There were no changes in the mineral topsoil (0-5 cm) for the acidity but exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ increased significantly (p<0.05) compared to the control for the highest ash treatment. Soil solution concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ increased at 20 cm depth as a result of the ash treatment but at 50 cm depth only Mg2+ concentration was higher than the control. Leaching of NO3- and NH4+ increased in the N treatment compared to the control but no effect of the ash treatment was observed. The wood ash increased the concentration of Ca in the current year but not one-year-old needles 6 months after the application. N concentration in the current and one-year-old needles and even litterfall increased as a result of the N treatment. Ca uptake seemed to be stimulated by high N availability as indicated by high Ca concentrations in needles from the N treatment. There were no other indications of interactions between the ash and N treatments..