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Ejecta-megaregolith accumulation on planetesimals and large asteroids

机译:射出巨灰石积聚在小行星和大型小行星上

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Megaregolith accumulation can have important thermal consequences for bodies that lose heat by conduction, as vacuous porosity of the kind observed in the lunar megaregolith lowers thermal conductivity by a factor of 10. I have modeled global average ejecta accumulation as a function of the largest impact size, with no explicit modeling of time. In conjunction with an assumed cratering size-distribution exponent b, the largest crater constrains the sizes of all other craters that significantly contribute to a megaregolith. The largest impactor mass ratio is a major fraction of the catastrophic-disruption mass ratio, and in general the largest crater's diameter is close to the target's diameter. Total accumulation is roughly 1-5% of (and proportional to) the target's radius. Global accumulations estimated by this approach are higher than in the classic Housen et al. (1979) study by a factor of roughly 10. This revision is caused mainly by higher (typical) largest crater size. For b~2, the single largest crater typically contributes close to 50% of the total of new (nonrecycled) ejecta. Megaregolith can be destroyed by sintering, a process whose pressure sensitivity makes it effective at lower temperature on larger bodies. Planetesimals ~100km in diameter may be surprisingly well suited (about as well suited as bodies two to three times larger in diameter) for attaining temperatures conducive to widespread melting. A water-rich composition may be a significant disadvantage in terms of planetesimal heating, as the shallow interior may be densified by aqueous metamorphism, and will have a low sintering temperature.
机译:巨乳石的积聚对于因传导而失去热量的物体可能会产生重要的热后果,因为在月巨巨石中所观察到的那种空泡孔隙使热导率降低了10倍。 ,没有明确的时间建模。结合假定的陨石坑大小分布指数b,最大的陨石坑会限制所有其他造成巨粉岩的陨石坑的大小。最大的撞击器质量比是灾难性破坏质量比的主要部分,通常,最大的陨石坑直径接近目标直径。总积累量大约是目标半径的1-5%(并成比例)。用这种方法估算的全球积累量要比经典的Housen等人的研究高。 (1979年)的研究大约是10倍。此修订主要是由较大(典型)的最大火山口尺寸引起的。对于b〜2,单个最大的陨石坑通常贡献新近(未回收)喷射总量的50%。 Megaregolith可以通过烧结破坏,该过程的压力敏感性使其在较低的温度下对较大的物体有效。令人惊奇的是,直径约为100公里的小行星非常适合(大约与直径大两倍到三倍的物体一样适合),以达到有利于广泛熔化的温度。就行星加热而言,富含水的组合物可能是一个明显的缺点,因为浅的内部可能被水变质致密化,并且烧结温度低。

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