The rate of reduction of manganese ores in ore-coal mixtures increases when organic materials are used as the binder. The reduction of manganese oxides from manganese ores in ore-coal mixtures begins mainly after reduction of the iron oxides. It is inadvisable to add a flux (lime) to the ore-coal mixtures, since it transfers the process of reducing manganese ores by coal to the liquid-phase regime. That in turn lowers the reduction rate and decreases the amount of manganese recovered. A decrease in the size of the particles of the reducing agent increases the productivity of the oxygen reactor. The effect of the fractional composition of the ore is less significant, and the fineness to which it is crushed should be chosen on the basis of technical-economic considerations.
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