Nanotechnology and nanoparticles -an overview from the perspective of separation and particle technology

摘要

According to the recommendation of the EU commission of 2011, a nanomaterial is "a natural, incidental or manufactured material containing particles, in an unbound state or as an aggregate or as an agglomerate and where, for 50% or more of the particle in the number size distribution, one or more external dimensions is in the size range 1nm - 100 nm." /1/ This is a still very rough-looking classification according to size that is still specified and is supplemented in the remarks of the EU commission for different cases. For example, carbon nanotubes with one or several external dimensions of less than 1 nm shall also apply as nanomateri-als, moreover, the previously mentioned volume proportion of 50% may be reduced when environmental, health, safety or competitiveness considerations justify this. Moreover, the recommendation contains an exact definition of the terms "particle" "agglomerate" and "aggregate" (see. Tab. 1). Certain EU Ordinances like the Cosmetics Regulation, the Food Labelling Ordinance or the Ordinance on Biocide Products use an own formulation that, however, do not specify different size dimensions.