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Water table decline alters growth and survival of Salix gooddingii and Tamarix chinensis seedlings

机译:地下水位下降改变柳柳和柳柳幼苗的生长和存活

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摘要

In the western United States, many native riparian forests are declining downstream from dams and diversions, primarily due to a lack of successful regeneration of native species. Conceptual models have been described that incorporate stream Row characteristics that promote successful regeneration of western riparian Populus seedlings. However, these models need to be calibrated for additional species and specific stream characteristics. In this study, we examined the growth and survival of two dominant Sonoran desert riparian tree species, a native Salix gooddingii, and an exotic, Tamarix chinensis, to simulated water table declines at rates of 0, 1, 2, and 4 cm/day. Salix seedlings performed best in the 0 cm/day treatment in which the soil was saturated and showed decreasing survival and growth with increasing rates of water table decline. Root-to-shoot ratios were high for Salix, but root elongation rates were low with an emphasis on lateral root development. This root growth pattern may be an adaptation to habitat where Salix typically grows, near the stream channel when the water table is shallow but the likelihood of Rood scour is high. Lateral root development may help to protect Salix seedlings from late season flood scour. Tamarix seedlings showed consistently high survival across all treatments and had the greatest growth in the 0 and 1 cm/day treatments. Tamarix seedlings had greater root elongation rates in response to water table decline relative to the control, with the greatest elongation in the 1 cm/day treatment. Greater root elongation rates and higher drought tolerance allowed Tamarix seedlings to persist in dry soils where Salix seedlings died. Differences in growth and survival of these two species in response to water table decline will need to be incorporated into management practices to promote successful native riparian tree regeneration.
机译:在美国西部,水坝和改道下游的许多原生河岸森林正在减少,这主要是由于缺乏成功地恢复原生物种的缘故。已经描述了概念模型,该模型结合了促进西部河岸胡杨幼苗成功再生的溪流行特征。但是,这些模型需要针对其他种类和特定流特征进行校准。在这项研究中,我们研究了两种主要的Sonoran沙漠河岸树种,本地柳柳和外来种T​​amarix chinensis的生长和存活情况,模拟的地下水位下降速度分别为0、1、2和4 cm / day 。柳树幼苗在0 cm / day处理中表现最好,在该处理中,土壤饱和并随着地下水位下降速率的增加而降低存活率和生长率。柳树的根冠比高,但根伸长率低,侧根发育尤为重要。这种根系生长模式可能是对柳树通常生长的栖息地的一种适应,当水位浅但根冲的可能性很高时,在河道附近。侧根发育可能有助于保护柳柳幼苗免受后期洪水冲刷。 mari柳幼苗在所有处理中均表现出始终如一的高存活率,在0和1 cm /天的处理中具有最大的生长。相对于对照,柳幼苗对地下水位下降的响应具有更大的根伸长率,在1 cm / day处理中伸长率最大。更高的根系伸长率和更高的抗旱性使Tamarix幼苗能够在柳树幼苗死亡的干燥土壤中持续存在。由于地下水位下降,这两个物种在生长和生存上的差异需要纳入管理实践中,以促进成功的本土河岸树木更新。

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