A refinery in Northern California was unable to meet its desired boiler feed water silica specifications on a consistent basis.The higher silica levels led to an excessive blow down requirement in the boiler system,which were significantly affecting the refinery's water,chemical,and natural gas costs.The plant was using reverse osmosis(RO)for silica treatment and TDS reduction.However,RO membranes are limited in the amount of silica they can reject,thus often creating an excess of undesired silica in the RO permeate.
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