Segregation following interspecific transfer of isolated nuclei between Phytophthora parasitica and P. capsici.

摘要

Nuclei isolated from metalaxyl-resistant (MR) protoplasts of Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica were transferred into chloroneb-resistant (CnR) protoplasts of Phytophthora capsici and vice versa, with an average success rate of 2.6X10-4 (protoplasts with donor nuclei/regenerated protoplasts), using a selective medium containing only the fungicide tolerated by the nuclear donor. No colonies appeared when self-fusion products of donor nuclei or recipient protoplasts were exposed to the selectivemedium. Colonies produced by the nuclear transfer formed sectors commonly, and differed from the parental types in appearance. All the zoospores produced by the nuclear hybrids were of normal size, and one-fifth of them contained both MR and CnR genes.Since zoospores are mostly uninucleate, these results indicated the occurrence of chromosome re-assortment or mitotic crossing-over following the production of transitory tetraploids, followed by diploidization during zoosporogenesis, thus suggesting thecompletion of events leading to a parasexual cycle. Hyphal fragment cultures from a nuclear hybrid tested showed considerable variation in growth rate, mycelial morphology, and level of resistance to metalaxyl, indicating uneven distribution and continuous segregation of different types of nuclei in mycelia during vegetative growth.