Identification of evodiamine as the bioactive compound in evodia (Evodia rutaecarpa Benth.) fruit extract that activates human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma)

摘要

The dried unripe fruit from Evodia rutaecarpa Benth., known as Wu zhu yu in China, has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this research, we provide evidence that evodia fruit extract activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) and, as identified through HPLC fractionation and mass spectroscopy, the activating phytochemical is evodiamine. Evodiamine was shown to bind to and activate PPAR gamma. It was also shown to activate PPAR gamma-regulated gene expression in human hepatoma cells similar to known PPAR gamma ligands and that the expression was blocked by a PPAR gamma specific antagonist (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.