OBTAINING POLYACRYLONITRILE FIBER MATERIAL BY SPINNERETLESS ELECTROSPINNING

摘要

The conventional coagulation method for production of polymer fibers, involving deformation of the jet formed as a result of the action of mechanical forces, makes it possible to generally obtain fibers of diameter from 5 to 500 |im. The extensive possibilities for the electrospinning process, in which formation of the primary jet occurs in an electric field, accompanied by successive pairwise splitting of the primary jet under the action of tensile forces and coagulation upon evaporation of the solvent, make it possible to obtain fiber materials from ultrafine fibers. Electrospinning is a universal and technologically feasible method for a large number of polymers, including those having fairly low fiber drawability. The electrospun product is distinguished by very high surface area per unit weight, porosity, permeability and low consumption of energy and materials compared with conventional methods for obtaining nonwoven fiber materials, and the presence and stability of a static electric charge makes it highly efficient in filtering particles of micron and nanometer diameter from air [1-4].