Lasers, Fillers, and Neurotoxins. Avoiding Complications in the Cosmetic Facial Practice.

摘要

Lasers, injectable fillers, and neurotoxins are widely used in facial restoration and rejuvenation by a variety of practitioners. Although they are less invasive than traditional surgical modalities, they still carry risks for both transient as well as permanent complications. It is paramount for the practitioner to understand these complications, optimize their prevention, and initiate appropriate treatment when they are encountered. This article reviews early, often transient, complications as well as delayed, often prolonged or permanent, complications, with particular focus on prevention and management.