Review: dietary advice improves dietary intake and reduces cardiovascular risk factors

摘要

23 RCIs (n = 24443) met the selection criteria. Mean age of participants ranged from 27 to 61 years, and the proportion of men ranged from 0% to 100%. The intensity of the intervention ranged from 1 contact to 50 hours of individual counselling. The most common duration of follow up was 6 months (range 3-48 mo). Dietary advice reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, urinary sodium output, and total dietary fat more than no or minimal advice (table). Ihe groups did not differ for change in high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Dietary advice increased self reported intake of fruits and vegetables and intake of fibre more than no or minimal advice (table). There was insufficient evidence to evaluate the effect of dietary advice on triglycerides, plasma p carotene, and red cell Mate concentrations (1 study each).