RICE BREEDING IN THE TROPICAL ASIA - ONE OF THE ASPECTS -

摘要

Rice breeding in the tropical Asia has been leaded by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), which was established in 1960 in the Philippines. Although the national rice breeding was carried out in some countries, such as Indonesia, beforeIRRI was established, the institute became the center of rice breeding in the Area. The history of rice improvement at IRRI was described by CHANDLER (1979), KHUSH et al. (2002), or in annual reports of IRRI. IRRI developed IR8 from the cross between Peta, an Indonesian variety, and Dee-geo-woo-gen, a Taiwanese variety. IR8 was the leading actor in the "Green Revolution" of rice in the tropical Asia. It has lodging resistance due to the semi-dwarf gene, which was introduced from Dee-geo-woo-gen, and realized high yielding with high input of fertilizer. IR8 was frequently used as cross parents not only at IRRI but also in the national rice breeding programs, and became the most important ancestor of Asian rice varieties.