Arene-ruthenium complexes with phosphanylferrocenecarboxamides bearing polar hydroxyalkyl groups-synthesis, molecular structure, and catalytic use in redox isomerizations of allylic alcohols to carbonyl compounds

摘要

Phosphanylferrocenecarboxamide Ph_2P-fc-CONHCH_2CH_2OH (1, fc = ferrocene-1,1′-diyl) and its newly synthesized congeners, Ph_2P-fc-CONHCH(CH_2OH)_2 (2) and Ph_2P-fc-CONHC(CH_2OH)_3 (3), were converted to a series of (η_6-arene)ruthenium complexes [(η_6- arene)RuCl_2(L-κP)] 5-7, where arene is benzene, p-cymene, and hexamethylbenzene and L = 1-3. All compounds were characterized by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy, by mass spectrometry, and by elemental analysis. The molecular structures of 2, 3, 3O (a phosphane oxide resulting from the oxidation of 3), 5c·CH_2Cl_2, and 6c·Et_2O were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The ruthenium complexes were further evaluated as catalysts in the redox isomerization of allyl alcohols to carbonyl compounds. Complex [(η_6-p-cymene) RuCl_2(1-κP)] (5b) proved to be a particularly attractive catalyst, being both readily available and catalytically active. Substrates with unsubstituted double bonds were cleanly isomerized with this catalyst in 1,2-dichloroethane (0.5 mol-% Ru, 80 °C), whereas for those bearing substituents at the double bond (particularly in the position closer to the OH group) lower conversions and selectivities were achieved. A similar trend was noted when pure water was used as the solvent, except that the best results (complete conversion with 2 mol-% Ru) were seen for 1,3-diphenylallyl alcohol, the most hydrophobic substrate.