Soil properties in the Tol'yatti pine forest after the 2010 catastrophic wildfires

摘要

The results of the studies of soil changes after the 2010 fires in the forest outliers of the city of Tolyatti have been reviewed. The morphological analysis of postpyrogenic soils has showed that the fire touched only the upper part of their profiles. It has been revealed that the surface fires favor the more intense loss of organic carbon than the crown fires (2.85 and 2.37%, respectively). However, the crown fires are more destructive for soils, because, first, they are a continuation of the surface fires and, second, sheet and linear water erosion of soils develops because of the complete denudation of the soil cover. It has been found that forest fires result in the dehumification of soils, which is related to the destruction of the organic horizons, the mineralization of root residues, and the almost complete absence of fresh plant waste on the postfire areas. The pyrogenic impact increases the portion of humic acids in the organic matter. Along with the transfer of the clay fraction, the translocation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons resulting from the fires to the accumulative geochemical positions is also possible.