Thermal properties of typical chernozems in Kursk Oblast

摘要

Thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of virgin and plowed heavy loamy typical chernozems of Kursk oblast were studied. Thermal diffusivity was determined in the course of step-by-step drying of the initially capillary-saturated samples to the air-dry state. Specific heat capacity was determined for absolutely dry samples. Volumetric heat capacity was calculated according to the de Vries equation. Thermal diffusivity varied within the ranges of (1.15-3.46) x 10(-7) m(2)/s in the Ap horizon, (1.14-3.35) x 10(-7) m(2)/s in the D1 horizon, (1.49-3.70) x 10(-7) m(2)/s in the DD' horizon, (1.49-3.91) x 10(-7) m(2)/s in the D'1 horizon, and (1.60-3.80) x 10(-7) m(2)/s in the D'ND degrees horizon. The thermal diffusivity vs. water content dependencies had distinct maximums and were flattened in the range of low water contents. The maximums were most pronounced for the mineral B1 and Bca horizons; for the A1 and Ap horizons, the curves were rather S-shaped. Volumetric heat capacity of the air-dry soils varied from 0.96 J/(cm(3) K) in the A1 horizon to 1.31 J/(cm(3) K) in the Bca horizon; in the state of capillary saturation, it varied from 2.79 J/(cm(3) K) in the D1 horizon to 3.28 J/(cm(3) K) in the D'ND degrees horizon. Thermal properties of topsoil horizons were higher in the plowed chernozem compared with the virgin chernozem, which is explained by an increase in the bulk density and a decrease in the organic matter content in the plowed soil.