Causes of Errors in the Determination of Macroelelemts in Soils and Hard Rocks Using the X-Ray Fluorescence Method

摘要

The effect of two main interfering factors (errors of the spectral line intensity measurements, and no agreement between the relationship of the line intensities with the element concentrations and the simplified methods of determining the fundamentalparameters) on the X-ray fluorescence determination of macroelements in hard rocks and soils was considered. The use of reference elements in the presence of an interfering factor provides for the fourth category of accuracy as specified by the Scientific Council for Analytical Chemistry. In the simultaneous presence of two interfering factors, a two-mode method of measuring spectral line intensities was proposed for increasing the measuring accuracy. To decrease the effect of the determination error of an element on the error of determining another element, it was recommended to use the standard background method for the elements requiring correction instead of the fundamental parameter method. The regulating procedure of selective normalization wasproposed for hard rock samples. The analysis of carbonate-free soil samples in the original powder form was analogous to that of hard rocks. Significantly better results were obtained in the analysis of calcined soil samples of simpler mineral composition.