A model of the vertical distribution of suspended sediment in the bottom layer of a natural water body

摘要

The paper suggests a stationary model of the vertical distribution of the concentration of suspended sediment in the bottom layer of a natural water body with a flat bottom. The model explains the concentration distribution, formed jointly by the settling of suspended particles and turbulent diffusion. The flow is assumed geostrophic above the bottom-influenced layer, while in the bottom layer the effect of turbulent diffusion by the large-scale turbulence constituent is assumed to dominate over the diffusion effect caused by the small-scale turbulence constituent. It is shown that for the characteristic diffusion length scale of the eddies much smaller than the height of the Ekman bottom boundary layer the model results in an analytic expression for the vertical distribution of the concentration of suspended sediment, which includes also the case with the presence of the lutocline. The model outcome is compared with the results of a laboratory experiment with sand-injected flume flow.