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Loss Calculation Methods of Half-Bridge Square-Wave Inverters

机译:半桥方波逆变器的损耗计算方法

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The insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are widely used in many modern fields of power electronics that are related to power conversion, transmission and distribution. Today IGBTs with blocking voltages up to 6.5 kV are commercially available, allowing simple and robust two-level topologies to be used in applications with nominal DC voltages up to 3.6 kV without the need of series connection of several IGBTs. The other advantages of IGBTs are easy driving and snubberless operation. On the other hand, the high-voltage IGBTs have limited current capability and high power losses, resulting in limited switching performance due to thermal issues. Therefore, thermal management became one of the most important aspects in the development of high-voltage IGBT converters. The accurate estimation of power losses is an important step in thermal management system design [1-3]. A number of calculation methods have been proposed. One of the approaches is based on the switching functions or coefficients obtained through measurements to guide the simulation during switching transients [4, 5]. However, this method requires a number of parameters to be extracted from the test waveforms. Another approach is based on the use of simple functions derived for losses based on typical switching waveforms [6, 7]. This method was extended in [1, 8] by deriving a set of formulae for switching losses based on the predicted current and voltage waveforms of the device. In this method the predicted waveforms conform to the physics of the switching process and take into account the dependency of the switching losses on various factors such as the switching voltage, switching current, stray inductance and the reverse recovery process of the freewheeling diode [8]. Another advantage is that it requires a smaller number of parameters from the test waveforms.
机译:绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)广泛用于与功率转换,传输和分配有关的许多现代电力电子领域。如今,阻断电压高达6.5 kV的IGBT可以在市场上买到,从而允许简单,耐用的两级拓扑结构用于标称DC电压高达3.6 kV的应用中,而无需串联多个IGBT。 IGBT的其他优点是易于驱动和轻松运行。另一方面,高压IGBT具有受限的电流容量和高功率损耗,由于热问题而导致开关性能受限。因此,热管理已成为高压IGBT转换器开发中最重要的方面之一。功率损耗的准确估算是热管理系统设计中的重要一步[1-3]。已经提出了许多计算方法。一种方法是基于通过测量获得的开关函数或系数来指导开关瞬变期间的仿真[4、5]。但是,此方法需要从测试波形中提取许多参数。另一种方法是基于简单函数的使用,这些函数是基于典型的开关波形[6、7]得出的损耗。该方法在[1,8]中得到了扩展,方法是根据设备的预测电流和电压波形推导一组开关损耗公式。在这种方法中,预测波形符合开关过程的物理性质,并考虑了开关损耗对各种因素的依赖性,例如开关电压,开关电流,杂散电感和续流二极管的反向恢复过程[8]。 。另一个优点是,它需要来自测试波形的参数数量更少。

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