Fractionation of heavy metals in different particle-size Sediments and its relationship with heavy metal pollution

摘要

Sediments not only leflect the current quality of surface wateis, but also provide vital information on the transportation and fate of pollutants (Santschi, 1984; Finney and Huh, 1989). Numerous reports have highlighted that total concentrations of heavy metals are deficient in predicting toxicity of these pollutants (Forstner and Salomons, 1980; Luoma, 1983; DiIoro et al. 1990 Arjonilla et al 1994). A good knowledge of the contamination of sediments requires the identification of speciation in order to known the availability and mobilization of the heavy metals Generally, sequential extraction procedures have become a common approach for fractionation purposes due to the inherent difficulties in obtaining the real-world chemical speciation nowadays. Of the wide variety of sequential extraction procedures, the most widely used are those proposed by lessier et al (1979) and by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) (Quevauviller et al, 1993) BCR is now called the Standard Measurements and Testing Program of the European Community (SMT), and the objective of the BCR-program is to improve the quality of measurements and consequently harmonize the results of the measurements obtained within the European Community.