Amblyopia, from the Greek amblus (dull) and ops (eye), is a common cause of vision loss affecting between 1% and 3% of the population. It has been reported to be more common in left eyes than right eyes and is, according to the National Eye Institute, the leading cause of unilateral vision loss in the under-70 population. Amblyopia affects both near and distance visual acuity equally. Early detection and treatment improve multiple quality of life indicators and treatments are very cost-effective in terms of benefits derived compared with costs of care. A wide variety of treatment regimens are available for amblyopia and many ophthalmologists are not aware of the relative advantages and disadvantages of each. In this article, we will summarize many of the important recent research studies comparing various therapeutic options.
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