Comparison between somaclonal variation and induced mutagenesis in tissue culture of sunflower line RHA-857 (Helianthus annuus L.)

摘要

Immature zygotic embryos from the self-pollinated sunflower line RHA-857 (H. annuus L.) were used as donor material for induction of direct organogenesis. A portion of the isolated immature embryos was treated with gamma-radiation (Cs~(137)) at dose10 Gy before plating. The range of spontaneously induced somaclonal variation between the obtained regenerants was investigated and compared to that of the radiation induced variants. The genetic modifications occurring during the regeneration procedureaffected sixteen morphological and biochemical characters. The most significant changes were observed for the characters plant height, number of seeds per inflorescence and 1000 seed weight. The investigations showed that the somaclonal (R9) variants occurred with higher frequency than the radiation induced ones (R9M9), but the spectrum of morphological and biochemical changes were similar.