Test of a device to the combine harvesters for cutting into very small pieces and spreading of the straw.

摘要

An appliance with hinge installed knives for cutting straw into small pieces and for spreading them on the field, simultaneously with grain gathering, was created and tested. The study was carried out through a set of controlled one-factor experiments. The main purpose of the study includes determining the necessary operation power for the appliance (KW), and specific power consumption (KWh/t) and average length of cut (mm). The cases of controlled factors of the experiments include recovering of knives and contra-knives (L=20, 50 and 80 mm), loading of the appliance with straw mass (Q=5, 8 and 11 t/h), peripheral speed of the rotor or the cutting speed (V=13, 16 and 19 m/s), distance (clearances) between knives and contra-knives (B=12, 18 and 24 mm). The constant factors were hinge installed knives, working wide (1200 m), diameter of the auger (500 mm), thickness of the knives and contra-knives (200 mm), position angle between knives and contra-knives (15 grad.), wedge angle of knives and contra-knives (30 grad.), and location of leading blades (middle). The variation charts of necessary operation power for the appliance, specific power consumption and average length of cut to variation of the controlled factors, were determined. The respective adequate equations of regression, describing the processes of cutting the straw into small pieces at the same time with grain gathering, were developed..