A study of deformation of the machined workpiece and tool under different low cutting velocities with an elastic cutting tool

摘要

To understand the effects of cutting velocity, tool elastic deformation generated by high normalstresses during metal cutting processing and artificial tool flank wear on the cutting process, aniterative mathematical model for calculating the tool-workpiece contact problem was developed inthis paper under the assumption of elastic cutting tools. In this model, the finite element method isused to simulate cutting of mild steel by the P20 cutting tool with constant artifical tool flank wearunder the condition of three different cutting velocities. The results obtained in the simulation werefound to match the experimental data reported by related studies. The simulation results also indicatethat the thrust and the cutting forces are functions of cutting velocity. Besides, both the normal stresson the tool rake face and the residual stress of machined workpiece generally decrease with increasein cutting velocity. According to the findings in this study, though the residual stress of the machinedworkpiece decreases as the cutting velocity increases, its value is still higher than that in ordinaryconditions due both to the influence of tool flank wear and tool elastic deformation. Also, thephenomenon of curvature at the workpiece end easily occurs.