Studies on Heterosis for Yield and its Component Traits on CGMS Based Pigeonpea Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Hybrids

摘要

Heterosis is the most important phenomenon for breaking the yield barrier level of crops. Hence, an experiment was undertaken to identify the best heterotic combinations for exploitation of heterosis or hybrid vigour. In this context, three cytoplasmic male sterile lines were crossed with twenty genotypes of pigeonpea in a linextester mating design during Kharif 2011-12. Thus, the resultant 60 hybrids along with their parents and standard check variety (NDA 2) were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications during Kharif 2012-13. The results indicated that the manifestation of heterobeltiosis for seed yield per plant was significantly superior of fourteen hybrids ranging from -85.06-33.74% and fifteen hybrids over standard variety ranging from -82.57-26.28%. Most of the crosses which exhibited superiority over better parent or standard variety for seed yield also showed significant heterosis for primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds perpod, biological yield per plant and harvest index. Besides seed yield, substantial heterosis was also observed in negative as well as positive direction for remaining characters but number of crosses showing significant estimates of heterosis and its degree varied from one character to another. The best cross combinations in order of merit seed yield and other yield components were NDACMS l-6AxNDA 98-6, NDACMS l-6AxNDA 5-14, NDACMS l-4AxIPA 208, NDACMS l-6AxICP 870, NDACMS l-6AxNDA 96-1, NDACMS l-6AxNDA8-6, NDACMS l-6AxICP 2309 and NDACMS l-4AxBahar. Commencing the experimental findings it could be accomplished that the crosses, NDACMS l-6AxNDA 98-6, NDACMS l-6AxNDA 5-14, NDACMS l-4AxIPA 208, NDACMS l-6AxICP 870 were found to be more than 20% standardheterosis for seed yield recommended for commercial utilization.