THERE ARE MANY well-educated engineers in countries such as Russia, China, Romania, and India, who can do the work currently done by US-based engineers, and whose pay scales are less than 25 that of US pay scales. US companies exploit this situation by creating satellite operations in low-pay countries or by contracting out work to overseas companies. They also bring into the US, under special temporary visa programs (H-4B and L-1), engineers from low-pay countries, who are happy to come here and work long hours for salaries roughly 70 that of US citizens or permanent residents.
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