Current status of herbicide-resistant weeds in the UK

摘要

Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) is the major herbicide-resistant weed problem and, by 2013, occurred on virtually all of the estimated 20,000 farms in 35 counties where herbicides are applied regularly for its control. Resistance to mesosulfuron+ iodosulfuron, first used in the UK in autumn 2003, has now been detected on >700 farms in 27 counties in England. Resistance is conferred by both ALS target site (Pro-197 & Trp-574 mutations) and non-target site mechanisms. Resistant Lolium multiflorum(Italian rye-grass) occurs on >475 farms in 33 counties and resistant Avena spp. (wild-oats) on>250 farms in 28 counties of England. The first cases of ALS target site resistance (Pro-197) in UK populations of I. multiflorum were detected in 2012. ALS-resistant Stellaria media (common chickweed) was found on >50 farms in 13 counties in England, Scotland and Northern Ireland and ALS-resistant Papaver rhoeas (common poppy) on >40 farms in nine counties of England. ALS-resistant Tripleurospermum inodorum(scentless mayweed) was found on five farms in three counties (Yorkshire, Norfolk and Angus). These included the first recorded case in Scotland where the ALS mutation responsible (Pro-197-Gln) was determined, making this the first UK population of Tripleurospermum inodorum to have ALS target site resistance confirmed.