Influence of Seed Vigour to Dry and Wet Physiological Treatments for Improved Storability of Gram (Cicer arietinum L.) and their Efficacy onVigour Bioassay

摘要

The efficacy of seed invigoration treatments such as dry and wet physiological treatments in gram for improved germinability depends on the vigour status of the seeds. It has been found that in high vigour seed, dry treatments especially with aspirin (active ingredient, orf/zo-acetyl salicylic acid) @ 100 mg / kg of seed and red chilli powder (active ingredient, capsaicin) @ lg / kg of seed followed by neem leaf powder (active ingredient, Azadirectin) @ 2g / kg of seed significantly improved vigour andviability of gram seeds over untreated control. But pre-storage (high-vigour) wet treatments showed a marginal or adverse effect on germinability. In case of medium or low vigour seed, wet treatments, especially moist sand conditioning followed by soaking and drying (MSC-S-D) showed significant improvement on storability over untreated control. The wet treatments in medium vigour seeds have shown better results in improving germinability in comparison to dry treatments. In all the cases, soaking-drying(S-D) treatments showed adverse effect on germinability due to soaking injury as it occur in the leguminous crops.In vigour bioassay, gram seeds were used as stock materials and jute seeds were used as bioassay materials. The effectiveness of jute seedling growth in the gaseous emanations of stock seeds (gram) treated with aspirin and red chilli powder in high vigour seed and moist-sand -conditioning-soaking-drying (MSC-S-D) in medium or low vigour seeds were significantly higher than their respective control. The jute seedling growth was adversely affected in the gaseous emanation of soaking-drying treatment (stock material). The results clearly indicate that the efficacy of treatments (dry and wet) depends on the vigour status of the seed.On the basis of the results, dry treatments with aspirin and red chilli powder in high vigour seed and moist-sand-conditioning-soaking-drying (MSC-S-D) in medium or low vigour seeds are suggested for improved vigour and viability of gram seeds.