Traditional antifriction bearing materials based on bronze, steel, babbits, and cast iron do not meet the requirements of modern aviation technology. Sintered cermet materials are considered promising for use in heavily loaded friction units in the manufacturing of plain bearings. Cermet materials combine the hardness of ceramics, which provides high wear resistance, and the mechanical strength of metals. In this study, we investigated nickel matrix-based cermet materials with 60% reinforcement with a ceramic phase for various reinforcing filler materials: TiC, ZrO2, SiC, AlN, MoSi2, and Si3N4. A comprehensive study of the tribotechnical and mechanical properties of cermet materials synthesized by the method of spark plasma sintering with various ceramic fillers made it possible to establish the optimal characteristics for use as an antifriction material in plain bearing units. Tribotechnical tests of cermet materials in a friction pair with 95X18 steel showed a decrease in dependence and the smallest values of wear and friction coefficient in terms of load and sliding speed for materials with TiC and ZrO2 as fillers. The results of physical and mechanical tests of the materials are also given, including impact strength, density, bending strength, and microhardness. The best tribotechnical properties of those studied were shown by Ni-ZrO2 cermet, but, at the same time, its application in friction units is limited by low values of impact toughness and bending strength. The Ni-TiC cermets are characterized by an optimal combination of low values of friction coefficient and wear among the studied samples, as well as high impact toughness, bending strength, and microhardness for use as an antifriction material in friction units.
展开▼
