It takes nearly seventeen years for clinical, biomedical and health research to alter medical practice (1). In response to a clear public health and clinical need to reduce this time lag, many governments, health agencies, scientists and clinicians have embarked on an attempt to increase the spread and effectiveness in translating science into clinical practice (2). This translation of clinical and health research brings the benefits of efficacy studies into direct action under real-world conditions, which produces demonstrated health and quality of life outcomes and a means of evaluating the significance of public health interventions (3-5).
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