Dianionic nitrogen-rich triazole and tetrazole-based energetic salts:synthesis and detonation performance

摘要

To develop environmentally friendly green energetic materials with excellent insensitivity,thermal stability,and detonation performance,a series of nitrogen-rich salts were synthesized from di(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)methane and N,N0-(methylenebis(1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl))dinitramide using a simple and straightforward high-yield approach.The molecules were characterized using NMR,IR,elemental analysis,and differential scanning calorimetry.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirm the molecular structures of salts 4 and 15.Their key energetic parameters,viz.,energy content,density,detonation performance,melting and decomposition temperatures,and impact/friction sensitivities,were assessed.All of these salts showed excellent thermal stability over 210 ℃ as measured using DSC.The crystal structures of compounds 4 and 15 show a strong intramolecular network of hydrogen bonding that is expected to stabilize the salts and induce a higher insensitivity to mechanical stimuli.All the newly synthesized derivatives exhibit a superior energetic performance over TNT,close to RDX.The salts 5,6,10-14,and 16 display properties better than TATB and are expected to serve as potential energetic materials.