Discussion

摘要

There is consistent evidence from the trials, such as the DPP108 and DPS,183 that lifestyle measures - weight loss and physical activity - can reduce the development of diabetes in those with IGT. The results are best in those who achieve more of the goals. Lifestyle intervention in those who adhere is also highly cost-effective.It may be worth distinguishing between physical activity and exercise, with the former term referring to activities, such as walking, that can be incorporated into daily life and the latter referring to activities that require, for example, going to gyms or participating in sports. The main problem is adherence. (Adherence is now preferred to the older term 'compliance' because it is supposed to have connotations of partnership and concordance, rather than 'following doctor s orders'.337)Some ethnic groups, such as South Asians, are more at risk of diabetes, and may get it earlier in life and at lower BMI levels. Cultural influences may make lifestyle changes more difficult, especially among women.