To Be (Healthy) or Not to Be: Moderated Mediation of the Relationships Between Masculine Norms, Future Orientation, Family Income, and College Men's Healthful Behaviors

摘要

Conformity to masculine norms has been found to be associated negatively with men's engagement in healthful behaviors. However, some men still engage in healthful behaviors despite the potential violation of masculine norms. Future orientation, which is the ability to consider the potential distal outcomes of immediate behaviors, is associated positively with engagement in healthful behaviors and may mediate the relationship between masculine norms and healthful behaviors. Furthermore, family income may influence the relationship between future orientation and healthful behaviors, as enacting future orientation may require access to resources. The present study examined a moderated mediation model of associations among conformity to masculine norms, future orientation, family income, and engagement in healthful behaviors. Using a sample of 288 college men, results indicated that future orientation mediated the relationship between conformity to masculine norms and engagement in healthful behaviors, while family income moderated the aforementioned mediated relationship. These results can help to inform clinical work, research, and advocacy for men's healthful behaviors.