Open fracture management in small animals

摘要

Open fractures occur when a fracture and an open wound happen simultaneously or there is a loss of integrity of the skin near the broken bone. According to some authors, the incidence of open fractures in small animals is low; however, others have reported a much higher incidence, which can reach up to 5-10 per cent of all fractures. Contrary to other orthopaedic disorders, open fractures are considered surgical emergencies. This article describes basic guidelines for their classification, initial management, and treatment to improve the outcome and maximise the chances of returning to normal function.