The presence of iron in inks used in Valencian manuscripts from the 13th to 17th century

摘要

The significant artistic and documentary contribution of the manuscripts makes them unique instruments of knowledge that we must protect and conserve. Most of the manuscripts of Europe and America were written with iron gall inks, documented from the 4th century to the 19th century; we have evidence of the problems of conservation since the 17th century because the same scribes echoed similar problems through their writings.