Peanut response to planting date, tillage, and cultivar in North Carolina.

摘要

Production of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in reduced tillage is an effective alternative to conventional tillage in the southeastern United States under some conditions. Research was conducted to determine interactions of planting date, tillage system, and cultivar with respect to disease reaction and pod yield of peanut. The cultivars Bailey, CHAMPS, Gregory, Perry, and Phillips were planted in early or late May in reduced or conventional tillage systems from 2008 through 2011 at one location in North Carolina. The interaction of year, tillage system, and cultivar was significant for plant condition rating (PCR), a visible estimate of disease, within 3 d before digging from late September through mid-October. Pod yield was correlated with PCR in mid-September (P=0.0001, R2=-0.22) and PCR just before digging (P<=0.0001, R2=-0.31). Disease was less prevalent for the cultivar Bailey and most prevalent for the cultivar Phillips, with disease for the other cultivars intermediate between Bailey and Phillips. Pod yield was influenced independently by cultivar, planting date, and tillage system although each of these factors was affected by year of the experiment. Pod yield was similar in strip tillage and conventional tillage in 3 of 4 yr with yield in strip tillage exceeding conventional tillage in 1 yr. Peanut planted in early May yielded more than peanut planted in late May in 2 of 4 yr. Results indicate that while some differences in disease reaction will occur when comparing cultivars, planting dates, and tillage systems, pod yield will be affected independently by these cultural practices.