Two Temperatures Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. ex Harv. Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts: Characterization and Applications

摘要

Several nanoparticle syntheses are not environmentally friendly; thus, alternative methods are being developed. The purpose of this study was to use the aqueous extracts of the leaves and stem bark of Grewia lasiocarpa to synthesize silver nanoparticles under two different temperatures, characterize and biologically evaluate the biosynthesized particles. The green synthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out at 25 +/- 2 degrees C (RT) and 80 degrees C. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDXRF) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The AgNPs were evaluated for antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities. The phytochemicals and FTIR analyses revealed the presence of metabolites that act as reducing and capping agents. The zeta potential values were between - 9.1 and - 20.6 mV with a hydrodynamics diameter between 38.3 and 46.7 nm. The SEM and HRTEM analyses revealed that the AgNPs were predominately spherical. The cytotoxicity IC50 values of the AgNPs against HeLa, Caco-2 and MCF-7 were > 1 mg/mL. The AgNPs were significantly sensitive to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (15.67 +/- 2.08 cm) and Staphylococcus aureus (19.00 +/- 5.66 cm). Our findings propose that novel antibacterial and anticancer agents could be possibly derived from these AgNPs of Grewia lasiocarpa via the RT biosynthesis. In conclusion, temperature affects the yield of reduced silver, which is dependent on the quality and quantity of phytometabolites (reducing and capping agents).