An innovative biochar-amended substrate vertical flow constructed wetland for low C/N wastewater treatment: Impact of influent strengths

摘要

Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights?Biochar addition in VFCWs enhanced pollutant removal from low C/N wastewater.?Higher removal rate was obtained in biochar-VFCWs even at high influent strength.?Biochar-VFCW is useful for N2O emission reduction at various influent strengths.AbstractApplication of biochar can be an effective and low cost technique for wastewater treatment while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, biochar was used as substrates in Vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) for enhancing the removal of contaminant from low C/N wastewaters with different influent strengths. The removal of organic matter and nitrogen in biochar-added and non-bioc