Physical and chemical properties of the atmospheric fine particles and their emission sources

摘要

Physical and chemical properties of the atmospheric particulate matter (PM) were clarified by the consideration of the chemically analyzed results of the size segregated PM samples collected in urban area. Major chemical components contained in fine fraction of the PM are elemental carbon and the components of secondary product particles such as sulfate, nitrate and so on. These components occupied about 60 percent of the fine PM concentration. Though concentration of metal elements amounted to only several percent of the fine PM, elements such as V, As, Se, Br, Cd, Sb and so on are contained mostly in the fine PM. The half of elements like Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and the alkali are also found in the fine PM.The most commonly used receptor model for quantifying concentrations of the source types suspected to impact the site is the chemical mass balance (CMB) model. The contribution concentrations of the various types of source were estimated by applying the CMB method to analyze the chemical measurement results of the size segregated PM samples collected at the roadside site where remarkably polluted by motor vehicle exhaust particles. Main sources of the fine PM are the diesel exhaust particles and secondary product components such as sulfate, nitrate and so on.