Ultracentrifuge are a type of centrifuge designed to rotate samples at 'ultrahigh' speeds, with a rotational speed of up to 150,000 rpm, creating a centrifugal force up to more than 1 million × g. Analytical ultracentrifuges incorporate a scanning visible/ultra-violet light-based optical detection system for real-time monitoring of the sample's progress during a spin. Ultracentrifuges are commonly used in molecular biology, biochemistry, and cell biology. Applications of ultra-centrifuges include the separation of small particles such as viruses, viral particles, proteins and/or protein complexes, lipo-proteins, RNA, and plasmid DNA. Preparative ultra-centrifuges are often used for separating particles according to their densities, isolating and/or harvesting denser particles for collection in the pellet, and clarifying suspensions containing particles.
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