Evaluation of Brazilian propolis by both physicochemical methods and biological activity.

摘要

400 propolis samples were collected by Africanized Apis mellifera in Southern, Southeastern, Central western, and Northeastern Brazil. The respective samples were extracted with ethanol. The ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) were analysed by physicochemical methods such as appearance of EEP, measurement of absorption spectra by UV-spectro-photometry, Reversed phase-thin layer chromatography (RP-HPTLC), Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and then the EEPs were evaluated for their physiological activities such as Antioxidant activities, Anti-microbial activities, Assay of cytotoxic activity to cancer cells, and HIV-Growth inhibition assays. In accordance with results of EEP appearance, UV-absorption spectra, RP-HPTLC,and RP-HPLC, the propolis were classified as 12 groups. Among 12 groups of propolis, five groups of propolis were collected from Southern Brazil, whereas six groups of propolis were collected from Northeastern Brazil. Furthermore, one group of propoliswas found in Southeastern Brazil. It was found that the variety of propolis depended on plant ecology. Although rarely exceptional propolis was found in spite of geographic locations, these propolis were not included in this study. Physiological activities for 12 groups of propolis were also variables, depending on geographical location. This is due to the fact that the compositions of propolis are dependent on the compositions in plants.