Genetic Diversity of Wild Germplasm and Cultivated Clones of Hevea brasiliensis MuelL Arg. Detected by RAPD Analysis

摘要

Information about genetic diversity of a population is essential in breeding programmes. Characterisation of rubber germplasm for providing genotype diversity can be accomplished by morphological or genotypic assessment. The objective of this study was to obtain information about the genetic diversity of rubber based on DNA analysis. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used as a tool for assessing diversity and the genetic relationships among 41 wild germplasms and 45 cultivated clones of rubber. DNA polymorphisms among germplasm were scored in binary form based on the presence (1) and absence (0) of each band. A dendogram was assembled through a UPGMA cluster analysis using the NTSys programme. From the RAPD analysis using 14 random primers, a total of 86 polymorphic amplified products (81.9 % total) were obtained from both populations, wild germplasm and cultivated clones, with the levels of polymorphic fragments ranging from 66.7% to 88.9%. The level of polymorphism of the wild germplasm was higher than the cultivated clones. The dendrogram showed that the 86 accessions were separated into five clusters with different degrees of genetic similarity, while the wild germplasm was separated from the cultivated clones with a genetic similarity of 0.5 6. This information could be used as a guide in the selection of wild germplasms for enlarging the genetic resource in rubber breeding programmes.