Pressure Autoregulation Measurement Techniques in Adult Traumatic Brain Injury, Part II: A Scoping Review of Continuous Methods

摘要

2 ), and thermal diffusion (TD) techniques. Articles from MEDLINE, BIOSIS, EMBASE, Global Health, Scopus, Cochrane Library (inception to December 2016), and reference lists of relevant articles were searched. A two-tier filter of references was conducted. The literature base identified from the individual searches was limited, except for PRx. The total number of articles using each of the five searched techniques for continuous autoregulation in adult TBI were: PRx (28), LDF (4), NIRS (9), PbtO 2 (10), and TD (8). All continuous techniques described in adult TBI are based on moving correlation coefficients. The premise behind the calculation of these moving correlation coefficients focuses on the impact of slow fluctuations in either mean arterial pressure (MAP) or cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) on some indirect measure of cerebral blood flow (CBF), such as: intracranial pressure (ICP), LDF, NIRS signals, PbtO 2 , or TD CBF. The thought is the correlation between a hemodynamic driving factor, such as MAP or CPP, and a surrogate for CBF or cerebral perfusion sheds insight on the state of cerebral autoregulation. Both PRx and NIRS indices were validated experimentally against the “gold standard” static autoregulatory curve (Lassen curve) at least around the lower threshold of autoregulation. The PRx has the largest literature base supporting the association with patient outcome. Various methods of continuous autoregulation assessment are described within the adult TBI literature. Many studies exist on these various indices, suggesting an association between their values and patient morbidity/death.